OpenSky Research Reports
Electronic Vaccination Registry Research: How vaccination data systems shape coverage, across 65 countries and territories.
Since 2021, OpenSky Data Systems has worked with MSD on a research programme mapping Electronic Vaccination Registries (EVRs) across Europe and Latin America. Using HPV vaccination as a case study, the research examines how registries record, connect and report vaccination data, and how that affects the Vaccine Coverage Rates (VCRs).
Electronic Vaccination Registries in Latin America: Summary Report
This report assesses EVRs in 17 Latin American countries, from Argentina to Uruguay.
- Electronic recording is now widespread, but fully consolidated, life-course registries are uncommon
- The report identifies five recurring system configurations, each affecting how HPV coverage figures should be read
- Eleven countries fall within a single 11% scoring band. Similar scores can hide very different systems: Peru, Chile and Colombia all score 72%
- HPV vaccination works as a stress test for EVRs, because school-based delivery and multi-sector coordination expose gaps in data capture and reporting
The State-of-the-Art in Electronic Vaccination Registries in the European Union, the United Kingdom, Norway, Switzerland and Serbia
This study covers 34 countries and territories: all 27 EU member states, the four UK nations, Norway, Switzerland and Serbia.
- Scores range from 99% (Denmark) to 33% (Bulgaria), which shows a significant digital divide across Europe
- Ten countries and territories score 85% or above, led by Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and Norway
- Identifies four opportunities to close the gap, including the European Health Data Space and EU funding for interoperable systems
An In-depth Analysis of Six Electronic Vaccination Registers in Northern Europe Using a Gold Standard
This report takes a deep dive into six of Europe’s highest-performing registries: Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, Ireland and Scotland.
- Benchmarks each country against an OpenSky gold standard built on the HL7 FHIR interoperability standard
- Finds that a single, country-wide integrated EVR usually leads to higher coverage
- Recommends that health authorities adopt HL7 FHIR and centralise EVR data in a single repository
- For HPV, recommends linking EVRs with cancer and screening registers to measure vaccination’s impact on preventable cancers
OpenSky Conference Posters
IPVS 28th Annual Conference of the International Paillomavirus Society
MSD & OpenSky Poster: "Driving HPV Elimination Through Data: Dynamic Vaccine Coverage Rate Reporting"
World Cancer Conference 2024
Enhancing Public Health Strategies through Electronic Vaccination Registers: A Contribution Toward HPV-Related Cancer Prevention and Control
Our Research Approach
OpenSky’s Research Projects Division leads this programme, led by Prof. Tudor Pitulac. Each study combines desk research, structured scorecards and interviews with immunisation specialists and national agencies. Findings are cross-checked across sources before conclusions are drawn.
A consistent method across regions
Every report scores registries on the same criteria, including governance, architecture, interoperability and how often data is published. This lets organisations compare systems within a region and see how registry maturity relates to coverage.Grounded in International standards
Our gold standard for EVR architecture is built on HL7 FHIR, the standard used by the WHO for its vaccination card work. We consulted HL7, EVR technology specialists and national immunisation offices to develop it.
Developed in Partnership
This research is a long-term collaboration with MSD. OpenSky also works with CeADAR (Ireland’s National Centre for Applied AI), The Alan Turing Institute and the Global Health Connector Partnership.Shared with the Immunisation Community
We’ve presented findings at the I-HD conference in Ghent and the Adult Immunisation Board in Antwerp as well as presenting a cross-regional analysis covering Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America at the IPVS conference.From Research to Real-World Uptake
The research shows where vaccination data systems fall short. OpenSky Uptake Intelligence, our AI-driven insight engine, turns that data into action. In a joint project with MSD and the Ministry of Health Slovakia, it uncovered the drivers and barriers to HPV vaccination and guided targeted interventions that led to a 40% increase in coverage.
